Road to Nirvana.

PART ONE

"Road to Nirvana" or may be called the path to absolute happiness. Condense the teachings of the Buddha, we have the verse:


"Do not do bad
things Well done good
purity mind freed
These words Buddhas "(Dhammapada. 183)Although, this is a very concise verses, but it contains all the words of Buddha. Verses express the full three stages on the path of practice leading to ultimate happiness or nirvana. There are three stages of development itself toward this ultimate happiness. The order of its development in accordance with the Eightfold Path (Majjhima Magganga attha patipada) are arranged in three groups, namely: Gender (sila) , Concentration (Samadhi) and Wisdom (Panna) . The first two steps in the Noble Eight sector; Right means the right understanding of the nature of the self, as well as the nature of the world and Right Thinking is classified knowledge. Three successive steps: Right Speech, Right Action and Right Livelihood were classified world; Right Effort, Right Mindfulness and Right Concentration Concentration is heading.
We can ask, and this has been asked is:
Why three phases? Why not just a single stage as fundamental?The reason there are three stages because we have three levels of negativity - kilesas or impurities such as Tham (Lobha) , Golf (Dosa) and Si (Moha) etc .. and each of the 10 afflictions (kilesas ) has three levels. For example, Join or Airport has three levels, the first level, the root level which Pali called anusaya (Depending Cambodia) . At this level of negativity as greed, hatred etc .. latent in each of us and not to the level outbreaks ideas, feelings and emotions, however, they remain latent in everyone. We can prove this. The fact that we can sometimes be a problem that makes the agitation and anger, as demonstrated in our own tendencies as petulant, angry - even though we are still normal people called the "Good" . We are only as good as others treat us. Conversely, we can express anger and emotion as often. This has proved that we have evil tendencies latent in the mind. If our actions according to international law, it is the right action when our actions not only harm (harmless) but also taking help - that is acting in their own interests as well as others, then we can say their actions are justified. There are many things we thought were good but they only good for us or just good in the sense of our own.
For his actions righteousness, our minds must escape the dominance of greed, hatred, jealousy, four cropping etc .. when our minds clean, we can see and know things like what its substance. Take the case of a vase filled with water, for example, the jar is filled in three stages: the bottom of the jar, between the average and the top. Anusaya (Depending Cambodia) is the first stage or root level, where the evil tendencies are latent. The fact that you can provoke a person makes them angry, clearly demonstrates that the courts or latent in their original pitch. In the first level of this negativity is very quiet, discreet - discreet to the point where we seem to be sacrosanct.
Even in the second period - Pariyutthana (negativity at the side) , too, of negativity is still within the thought or feeling alone. English proverb says "silence is golden" , this is not always true. We can say that silence is sometimes more dangerous than the other noise.
Next, in the final stage we became fierce, angry, losing control in both words and actions: (Vitikkama) . This is the top level of the negativity. Thus, three levels of negativity is: Anusaya: free custom negativity, Pariyutthana: at the side of negativity and Vitikkama: excessive negativity.
The practice of Buddhism is how to tame, how to overcome evil tendencies latent in the mind. Practice tame, we need to cultivate the three stages in the development - About (sila) - Concentration (Samadhi) - Wisdom (Panna) .
First is the world practice. Keeping the world can help us overcome negativity final level - ie excessive negativity, negativity levels reveal the surface can be seen but not kill the other two levels. This is the same as we cut a tree in the shoots. About just can overpower or control words and actions, not the mind. It can make us become a lady or gentleman in the sense worldly knowledge, rather than giving us a true human being.
Is there sometimes when we are on the Eight Precepts, we still have thoughts or words , "as long as she (he) vows, you will know her hand?". So, having three phase path of practice is essential for our first practice and international levels to eliminate negativity remove rough outside, present in us humans. However, because the world has not eliminated the two remaining levels of negativity, so the troubles that we have eradicated it does arise again and could very soon. So, we need to cultivate the second stage - the practice Concentration (Samadhi) makes us able to exclude disturbing level Monday, but the precept not eradicated. Concentration is tame and cultivate the mind. Like cutting a tree in the body. However, because the level is still disturbing Tuesday or disturbing the original has not been eradicated, should spend the troubles will arise again. Anyway chi can to clean up all the negativity in a considerable time, therefore, it will not arise too early elimination of gender.
About eliminate negativity - sila, Pali called Tadanga pahana (reflected temporary segments or repression) . Like interim cleanup branches of a tree so. Eradication by means of Meditation called Vikkhambhana Pahana (town for the exception). Concentration typical practice for a period of higher interest and have more energy, so it is more efficient world. By stage of practice Tuesday, Tue (Pannna) : Through the development of insight and wisdom that we can eradicate defilements first level - depending on the level of free or latent defilements. This is as close to a tree at the base so that it no longer regrowth. If they are killed by mental afflictions, afflictions certainly will not arise again. This phase is called samuccheda Pahana (primary segment or segments discharge extinction eradicated).
Do this for three phase correlation and mutual interdependence should Gender, Concentration, Knowledge should be carried out at the same time not to leave out stages. In dharma (dhamma) we are about it in three separate stages, but in practice we have to act simultaneously all three at once. For example, when we are self-adhesive, it will be easier to attain if we live righteously (About) understanding the legal and righteously (Tue). Also, practice or knowledge of right consistency with can help us to live righteously (About) and the true center (Concentration). The practice is not only applicable in meditation but also should apply even in the daily lives of us.
As rational beings, that our behavior towards the environment, with circumstances or events in their lives to do so reasonable, not arbitrary instinctive or emotional privacy.
What we need in this world is to live in a way that intellectual - have the opportunity to use the power of our mind - but unfortunately the world is in most cases people have spoken guess instinctive and emotional investment of its own.
Standards developed spirit (mind) today is very low, because the method of general education completely wrong, both methods of child rearing such mistakes. Ban Tang can prove that you see. Even the songs taught kindergarten age children also draw the story is full of violence, murder and no one shred of kindness in it. Again, a group of Western ethics recently on a tour to visit the institution to conduct a psychological test for the children who attend them. They require a child to make a sentence with the word "mother" , "baby" and "cat". The child replied: "Cat Scratch makes it cry baby, mother angry and hit the cat" . This is also the question of ethics in the field asked to bring in the province, only a single given me the answer later and was awarded a prize for your answer contains a little bit of love and affection that should exist among the various beings in this world "cat playing with baby, mother very happy with cats to pay a portion of the milk to drink."
Increased yourself had the opportunity to witness a woman, she bought a cane where sellers and for his boys to stop playing. The child instead of holding play, has used her cane hit. Many parents do not know to teach their children to be good people, pure calculation and docile, by contrast, encourages them to live violent quarrel popular and liked by the students for their toys like guns tube, swords, especially the type of air gun. So that teaching children in the scientific world today very very wrong. The cinema theaters screening the most depraved film - the film only encourages the killing and lying to each other.
Then the Buddha's practice like?First is About. The ethical standards have been the Buddha explained in the five precepts (sila Panca) of the laity. No killing, no stealing, no adultery, no lying, no alcohol and intoxicants. In the majority of Burmese people think that just keep in this world is only a negative way was good enough. However, just avoid killing is not good enough is known; so we have to focus on the positive aspects of this principle any damage - that is to have compassion for all beings, including animals.
In lectures on Metta (Metta) we talked to Adosa (no yard) is a negative aspect of compassion, but "no pitch" was not entirely. In the practice of metta (loving-kindness) we must have compassion and kindness for all beings in the world. Where to keep the precepts, too, not killing more people do not understand is deprived of life, however, the word "no killing" broad enough to cover all acts of kindness and gentleness.
About Monday - do not take no for whether the theft. Standards developed in the spirit world today - even adults too - seems much lower than a child of ten have knowledge. It seems that people today about their bodies, not classified as an animal, but in the action by many people to behave worse than animals. Positive aspect of this second world not only avoid theft alone, but also to know alms or help others. Being so, maybe we do not need a huge police force or a court system to deal with cases of delinquency or a Special Investigation Bureau (Bureau of Special Investigation) do. Next is the world "does not commit adultery" .
About a fourth "Musavada" - (no lie) does not lie is very difficult to keep. Positive aspects of this world is not only to tell the truth, but to use the word subtle, quiet and consistent with the listener. For the world does not lie, if the majority of the race we were not lie probably not necessary to further legislation.
As the world's last five precepts - no alcohol and intoxicants - alcohol problems has almost become a daily routine in every meal in civilized society. To be honest, do not drink any alcohol at all is essential to keep people healthy, both physically, morally and spiritually. There was a time in the UK, a French listeners have argued that: "As in life do not drink any alcohol and engineers, for engineers who completely abstain from alcohol (teetotaller) so engineers do not understand the benefits arising drinking " . Drinking alcohol makes us lose control - at least at that time, and those who drink excessively may be deemed to have become a madman. Drinking alcohol is against the law of nature and the world that the Buddha was issued. Drinking alcohol also causes mental illnesses such as forgetfulness and cretinism, a transition when we can become completely crazy guys. According to Buddhism, alcohol is the cause of all suffering and sorrow. Alcohol also causes us to be sexual stimulation and people say it is easy to lie or murder ...
In conclusion, poverty increased hope that you, the monks, as well as access to the south (Upasikas) and access to the female (Upasikas) focus on the positive side in this world. Ban Tang also want to mention the lifestyle of the Buddha, we can say this is a system that cultivates the practice itself - that is, raise up our minds. It is a gentle friendly lifestyle, justice and happiness. Buddha said: "When a good deed is done several times, it will give us a very clear there is a tendency to repeat actions like this" . Thus, in time it will become a habit. Do habits they become slaves to alcohol, gambling and slave for a slave to lust dozens of things as well as other bad things. Ban increase the following quote a Japanese proverb for you see habits affect us how: "First, the alcohol, drinking alcohol and then finally the alcohol."
Any action by itself, if repeated every time becomes a habit. Likewise, if the thoughts just let it rise continuously and creates a clear tendency, adapted from that kind of thinking, and thus become a habit. Buddha spent the strength capable of renewal of mind, body and to develop themselves. Thanks to cultivate good habits of mind and we'll find yourself developing a complete way. This is called Parami (paramitas) in the Pali language, which means the fulfillment or completion. In other words, make the habit vice versa whenever we tend to want to anger, to do so we can develop the mentality kindness and compassion so that this state of mind is over and repeat forever in us. Finally, they become habits very very very ordinary to the point that we would never see the thoughts of anger, hatred, jealousy, as well as thinking like that. The evil tendencies will disappear before the tendencies of compassion, as well as the darkness will fade away before dawn.
This practice is given by the Buddha to his disciples. Overall this is a very practical system to change and develop the intrinsic nature of us.

PART TWO

Continue to discuss three developmental stages, namely: About - Concentration - Tue. We have already mentioned the first stage of practice is About previously. This time we will talk briefly about Concentration (Samadhi) , ie Meditation and also the stage for intellectual development. This is the stage of practice quite seriously, because when it comes to meditation we often find that it is a process very tedious practice. Meditation is not a topic to talk about it, but to really follow, we can not afford the rather monotonous work normally. Talk about something that is very easy, organized something very easy. Some suggest the need for a new organizational skills to do the job; However, meditation is much more difficult.
Because of this problem that you donate will read to you part of the book because you increase the word about meditation and how to proceed in Buddhist meditation.
Meditation (samadhi)A location, after being fitted with Gender (sila) , and do all the senses (Apartment) his is inclined to the development of greater happiness and more sustainable (ie more the kind of ordinary worldly happiness) by Meditation to tame and cultivate the mind; the second stage on the path of liberation.
Concentration is the training of the mind, no we can not have the knowledge. In meditation we can reap happiness - a happiness greater happiness of the world colloquial. Worldly happiness is happiness depends. It needs the support and co-operation of a partner (wife or husband) . Particularly happy lofty spirit does not require any external assistance or any partner. Happiness can be reached through meditation (Jhanas) . Jhanas (SKR: Dhyana: meditation na) is a word derived from the root Jhe, thinking one way or solidly attached to an item, or to burn the legal obstacles, Nivarana means five hindrances prevented spiritual progress, Jhana has been translated samadhi, absorption trance. However, here the experience is a special escape everyday life.
In Myanmar we are not talking about meditation (jhana) we usually say much about vipassana (insight meditation or meditation) . The reason for meditation (samatha or jhana) little thought to the Burmese in Myanmar because that meditation is not paramount stage, which is only the second stage on the route to nirvana. That's the first reason. There is another reason is that, for those interested in insight meditation (vipassana) think this is the shortest road or off road to Nirvana. In some cases, people think that in order to reach Nirvana was just a matter of time only, ie just made ​​a few days or weeks is sufficient. They prefer to go straight to Nirvana not want to wait that long. That is why they are attending the three-day retreat or 7 days to look forward to reaching that goal.
To attain meditation (Jhana) you must prove it by doing the psychic methods - such as walking on water, sitting on the water, the dead stand up etc .. But to reach Nirvana stage Remember (ie Complete results from the skin) , the evidence does not need anything. It is a further reason, why do people care about Vipassana meditation to like. The Buddha himself had reached the very high level of meditation (Jhanas) , you increase workers also want to say something about this kind of meditation. Some people suggest that if we want to spread Buddhism effectively in this world, we have to do it other than what we are currently doing. Through meditation we can fly to the sky, we can appear and disappear in no time. So some people say that Buddhism can be spread faster and more widely if we can prove Buddhism through meditation. Anyway, the meditation is also a part of the teachings of the Buddha.
Meditation (Jhanas) means thinking, focus on a topic to overcome hindrances year. Jhanas also means burning the legal obstacles (Nivarana) approach obscures the spiritual progress. Coming from arising where [*] we have "Jhar-pa-na" was cremated in the case of the dead. Jhanas was translated samadhi, absorption or trance (ecstacy) ; however, in Jhanas Buddhism is a spiritual experience (center), or can be called beyond everyday experience. People want progress on the spiritual realm (center) will select one of 40 titles listed in Magga (Path of Purification). Thread item that practitioners need to select the appropriate temperament (nature) of his Popular nature such as emotion, anger, etc .. 40 titles which were divided into 6 groups according to the type of innate human nature. So, if you want to meditate results, ie prime meditation, you must choose one of the 40 headings appropriate to their inherent nature.


[*] Derivative : "arising from" is created from a root element by adding or reducing or replacing a few elements that (ND).
Methodology has been fully explained in the Path of Purification. Thread practitioner selected item called Parikammanimitta (prepared Minister). Practitioners focus on this item for a while, maybe a few days, weeks, months or years, until the practitioner item imaginable without difficulty. When the practitioner can imagine item without looking at it, he should continue to focus on this item imagine (Uggahanimitta: Profile minister or bowl) until the practitioner develop it into an item has is conceptualized (Patibhaganimitta: Optical Minister). At this stage there is the spiritual experience is seen as the prime approach (Upacara - samadhi) and temporarily overcome hindrances year (Nivarana) are: greed, anger, dullness - hypnotic, agitation, distraction and doubt.
To illustrate what we have said. If practitioners choose the appropriate item is a land of origin variables (Pathavi - Kasina), engineering practitioners hold a circle made ​​of clay called Kasina (Variable Origin land). The word usually translated as Hypnotic circle (within hypnosis), actually not very accurate. The practitioner makes a circle with a diameter of clay and iron four fingers (three feet) . Yogi tries to make it so that it is flat and shaded dawn. This ring is placed in front of approximately 1 meter, or move the chain a little so that the eye can see clearly. In the West today there are some people in this way. However, in India, this method has a long life, so it is very common; Westerners to practice meditation simply to see the effects of it and by the practice so that some people have acquired an ability to deep. When the preparation is completed within Kasina land and put it in front of the practitioner in a convenient distance, so that the practitioner can look at it with ease comfort. In meditation practitioner must keep the head, neck and back upright to maintain close attention to the title.
Normally we do not focus your mind can not know where they are. Even if any, the practitioner must also try to focus on the physical item, Parikammanimitta (prepared Minister). As explained above, the practitioner should take a few days, months or years can imagine or visualize items that are not needed to prepare general (ie physical item). The Buddha advised us not to be too nervous to do anything. The practitioner should not coerce their mind power. The practitioner must see themselves as being in the game, enjoy it with a cheerful heart rejoice, as well as the youth are interested in watching the performances in the movies so.
But at the same time also the Buddha advised us not to loose heart. We meditate to help others, to contribute to your happiness in the general happiness of the people. Meditation with such spirit, even sweeping and enjoyable. In meditation, the practitioner must also have the same attitude while playing, so the novelty has become interesting, because meditation is a very good job and is a necessary thing to do to hone the center. Unless we cleared my mind so, otherwise we would not be able to perform well the first stage of the method (Dhamma), let alone the realization of Nibbana, high ultimate goal of Buddhism.
Therefore, he should focus on topics or "general preparation" until can imagine it without titles. Photo envisioned in Pali called "Uggahanimitta" (raw image file Minister or similar), it can be said that is an exact copy of the title to see. When the meditator to this stage, it does not require a physical item again. Then, he should continue to focus on the object visualization. The difference between the first section and second section: the first section is a physical item, the second item of heart problems (due to imagine that out). But it's exactly the same title. Meditators efforts focus on visualizing this item until it became bright like a star. The difference between the second and third stages are: in stage two practitioners see section with the Minister of crude, but the third stage absolutely no rough minister anymore, but it's like a star projector morning. Now item has been conceptualized and called Patibhaganimitta (optical or optical image minister in the morning). The latter involves the acquisition and temporary access pass five hindrances (Nivarana) ; That is: Greed, Anger, Depression Kiss - Thuy Mien, agitation - The Booking Office and Facilities.
The focus or concentration of the practitioner becomes progressively increased toward the upcoming reached jhana (meditation). At this stage the meditator has been told An Indication (Appanasamadhi) . Finally, one step at a level attained in meditation (from Zen meditation to five) and when the person reaches five times Zen meditators can be easily developed in supernatural powers (the type of Kabbalah such as natural label, natural atrial communication, sufficient network, tha clearinghouse, and Metamorphosis information). Thanks to this psychic practitioner can see what the naked eye can not see - even if that object How far, no obstacle can stop seeing the practitioners. The practitioner can see through the mountains, to the most distant places without any obstacles separating. Even today in India has attained the status of legal Yogis this psychic, because meditation is not necessarily limited to that Hinduism Buddhism (Hindus) also act as such.
In Buddhist meditation (jhana) is a great help synergy realization of Nibbana. Those who have reached a high level as contingent meditation, the mind is purified them very high and this makes them easy to reach the level of development of world trade center (Lokuttara). However, in the period of five meditation authors do not completely get rid of the evil tendencies - the reason is because Dinh, as mentioned above, can only be overcome negativity level Monday temporarily. As is still the first level of negativity (ie depending newspapers negativity) should not eliminate the craving was inhibited by Dinh sure to start up again if conditions met. In English, in supernatural powers and miracles are sometimes also referred to as the hidden power or secret. However, in Buddhism, in this capacity can not be called the secret power, because everyone can achieve if they take the time to meditate.
About makes one noble in word and deed, Concentration control center he makes peace, calm and steady. Wisdom or insight, stage practice is the third and final stage, allowing the practitioner to win a full recovery of all afflictions. As a radical in the original tree was definitely will not grow back, too, of negativity by Wisdom (Panna) eradication will never arise again.
Meditators have reached the third stage on the path of Liberation, trying to understand the nature of the self, as well as the nature of the legal world in general. Now with the highly purified institution, one that does not start in another prophet of the origin or identity I insistence of an "ego" all phenomena in the external world and the internal world. He realized that both body and mind, what constitutes individual he, are in state care smoothly and continuously variable, and that compounded things are impermanent (anicca) , suffering pain (dukkha) , and no self (anatta). For he, then knowledge understanding arising out that all forms of life pleasures is only clue leads to suffering, and that everything is in a constant state of care is definitely a source of constant happiness and really are.
Then, he should concentrate on three characteristics of the world, namely: impermanence, suffering and non-self. No attachment nor aversion for worldly; practitioners continue to persistently develop insight for both internal and external world phenomenon until eliminate the lower part three fetters, such as: Body = Khandhas is wrong (Sakkaya ditthi), Hoai Comfort (Vicikiccha) and the first precept (Silabbata paramasa) only if the practitioner to kill three fetters root this new meditators Nibbana, his ultimate goal in the first time. At this stage the meditator is called Complete your freezer (Sotapana) , ie who has entered the stream (in Save) , line here is that the path leading to Nirvana. The Buddha described this period as follows:


Dak Sotapanna,
Over reborn paradise
Over worldly power
more than the greatest king. (Dhammapada 178)Photo icon who has reached the first floor is like the holy man walked into the (Holy) because, as living water never flows backwards, which regularly runs a certain way and obviously facing college positive. Likewise, the practitioner will surely and quickly reach their ultimate enlightenment. However, because the practitioner is not to eradicate the remaining seven fetters should be able to regenerate up to seven times more in the realm of education.
As practitioners develop deeper insight and weaken the two fetters again, which is: charity (Kamaraga) and golf (Patigha), the practitioner becomes a freezer Ham (Sakadagani) , also known as Career Most Lai. The reason is so called because the practitioner is still in the realms of rebirth (Kamaloka) only once if the practitioner has not yet attained final liberation in this present life.
A third church floor Na Ham (Anagami) , Real Lai Cross, who was completely cut off two fetters (charity and Golf) above. The practitioner is no longer reborn in this world or any other realm in sexuality. However, if the practitioner has not yet reached the final enlightenment in this lifetime, then at common destiny, sure to be reborn in the realm where an appropriate and higher, from which one will always Nirvana.
The fourth phase is the church floor Arhat (Arahat),
steps were eliminated in the upper part fetters: Ai realms of gender (Rupa - Raga) ; Ai in the formless realms (Arupa - raga) , conceit (mana) , expensive room (Uddhacca) and Ignorance (avijjā). At that time he knows well that the birth took advantage, has a dignity, did things to do done, this is the highest bliss, Arahats beyond the realms, happy realization of Nibbana - a theory of happiness impossible.END=VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY =THICH CHAN TANH.THE MIND OF ENLIGHTMENT.WORLD VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST ORDER=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=GOLDEN LOTUS MONASTERY=THE EIGHTHFOLD PATH.AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.16/2/2015.